Phenomenon of the Sun halo was witnessed in North India
A sun halo is an optical phenomenon produced by light interacting with ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. Halos can have many forms, ranging from colored or white rings to arcs and spots in the sky. Many of these appear near the Sun or Moon, but others occur elsewhere or even in the opposite part of the sky.
About Sun Halo:
It is a multi-colored ring that appears like a rainbow circling the star in our solar system.
o It is also referred to as 22-degree halo because the radius of the circle is always approximately 22 degrees.
Formation of Halo:
- Halos are a sign of high, thin cirrus clouds drifting 20,000 feet (6 km) or more above our heads.
- These clouds contain millions of tiny unique hexagonal ice crystals.
o These icy crystals are found in cirrus clouds, which are thin and wispy clouds.
- When sunlight enters these ice crystals, it is refracted, or bent, by the crystal’s surfaces.
- This bending of light causes the sun’s rays to separate into their component colors (because of dispersion), creating a spectrum of colors that are visible as the halo.
- The crystals must be oriented and positioned with respect to one’s eye, for the halo to appear. This is why sun halos are relatively rare.
- Light undergoes two refractions as it passes through the ice crystals and the bending that occurs depends on the ice crystal’s diameter. In a 22-degree halo, light enters from one side of the ice crystal and exits through another, being refracted on both entry and exit.
- Like rainbows, halos around the sun or moon are considered personal. Everyone sees their own unique halo, made by the ice crystals from their point of view (on the basis of the orientation).
- Lunar halos are mostly colorless because moonlight isn’t very bright.
- Atmospheric optical phenomena like halos were used as part of weather lore (traditional knowledge), which was an empirical means of weather forecasting before meteorology was developed.
o They often do indicate that rain will fall within the next 24 hours, since the cirrostratus clouds that cause them can signify an approaching frontal system.
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