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India announced blending CBG in CNG and PNG

India announced mandatory blending of Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) in CNG (Transport) & PNG (Domestic)

The Indian government has announced that blending compressed bio-gas (CBG) with compressed natural gas (CNG) and piped natural gas (PNG) will be mandatory starting in 2025-26. The blending will be voluntary until 2024-2025.

Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas introduced phase-wise CBG Blending Obligation (CBO) to promote production and consumption of CBG.

CBO is an obligation where mixtures of traditional and alternative fuels (like CBG) are blended in varying percentages in order to displace petroleum.

Key objectives of CBG Blending Obligation (CBO)

CBG Blending Obligation (CBO) Roadmap

What is Compressed Bio Gas (CBG)?

CBG is an energy-rich gas produced by anaerobic decomposition of biomass like agriculture residue, cattle dung, sugarcane press mud, municipal solid waste, among other.

 

Initiatives taken to promote biofuels

 

Can we use CBG in CNG cars?

Yes, CBG can be used in CNG cars without any modifications. CBG has similar properties to CNG and can be stored in the same cylinders. CBG can also be transported through pipelines or cylinders to retail outlets. 

CBG is created when organic material ferments without oxygen. It’s a more eco-friendly power source than petroleum, coal, or natural gas. CBG can also replace fossil fuels like petrol and diesel.

Can biogas be used directly in natural gas engines?

Biogas can be used directly in gas engines to produce electricity and heat. Biogas can also be used in compression ignition (CI) engines because it mixes well with air and burns cleanly. 

Biogas can also be upgraded to natural gas quality, which is called biomethane. Biomethane can be used in CNG vehicles and can be blended with natural gas for electricity and heat. Biomethane can also be used as a raw material for hydrogen and transport fuel production.

Can biogas be used in a diesel engine?

Yes, biogas can be used in diesel engines. Biogas can be used in both compression ignition (diesel) and spark ignition engines (petrol). 

Biogas is environmentally beneficial in diesel engines because: 

  • It increases renewable fuel consumption in transport
  • Methane has less carbon than diesel fuel
  • It can reduce pollutant levels in exhaust
However, biogas has a high self-ignition temperature, so it can’t be used directly in a CI engine. Instead, it’s useful in dual fuel engines.

Is biogas cheaper than diesel?

Biogas is cheaper than traditional fuels. It can save more than 40% on fuel costs compared to petrol. In India, Bio CNG costs ₹ 46 per kg, while CNG costs ₹ 69.11 per kg at the minimum. 

The cost of producing biogas varies from USD 2/MBtu to USD 20/MBtu. The average cost in Europe is around 16/MBtu, while in Southeast Asia it is USD 9/MBtu. 

In terms of energy equivalents, 1.33 – 1.87, and 1.5 – 2.1 m3 of biogas are equivalent to one litre of gasoline and diesel fuel, respectively.

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